leptin inhibits eating. adipokine (produced by fat cells). works with a feedback mechanism -> the fatter you are, the more fat cells you have, more leptin is produced, so hunger is inhibited, lose weight
adiponectin adipokine. simulates eating. facilitates leptin release. decreased in obese.
insulin (as a hunger signal) inhibits eating
CCK (as a hunger signal) inhibits hunger. produced by intestines. acts on the brainstem
PYY inhibits hunger. produced by intestines. decreases production of NPY and AgRP
obestatin inhibits hunger. produced by stomach. decreases production of NPY and AgRP
ghrelin stimulates hunger. produced by stomach. increases production of NPY
NPY stimulates hunger (aka increases appetite). released onto PVN
AgRP stimulates hunger (increases appetite) because is a competitive antagonist for MC4 receptor which normally makes you feel full
POMC cleaved into alpha MSH which inhibits hunger to decrease appetite
MCH stimulates hunger and is released from LH
orexin (as a hunger signal) stimulates hunger and is released from LH
endocannabanoids stimulates hunger. affects LH
MC4 receptors if activated by alpha MSH, feel full. if activated by AgRP, feel hungry.